Method of cutting, shaping, and polishing metal articles



D. LACY.

I METHOD OF CUTTING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING METAL ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED APR-1| I920- 1,41 5,879. Patented May 16, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l. 5 4' IN VEN TOR .DELL

AT TORNE Y5 D. LACY- mmon 0F cumue, SHAPING, AND POLISHING mam ARTICLES.

I APPLICATION FILED APR. 1,1920. 1,415,879, Patented May 16, 1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR DE LL LACY ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DELL LACY, OF WILMINGTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE IRWIN AUG-ER BIT COMPANY,

OF WILMINGTON, OHIO, A. CORPORATION OF OHIO.

METHOD OF CUTTING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING METAL ARTICLES.

Specification of Letters Yatent. Patented May 16, 1922;

Application filed April 1, 1920. Serial No. 370,404.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DELL LAoY, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVilmington, in the county of Clinton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements. in the Method of Cutting. Shaping, and Polishing Metal Articles, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad therein to the accompanying drawing. i p

My invention relates to the method of cut ting, shaping and polishing metal. articles by the rapid rotation of a suitably shaped metal cutting and. polishing metal wheel.

The object of my invention is to remove metal from a bar of stock to be converted. into a bit. Although it is not necessary, I

refer to initially formthe bit from a die 1n order to define by the impression made upon the bar of stock the areas which I am going to remove by my abrasion wheel. and process of removal.

When a relatively fast moving hard surface which is highly polished moves against a somewhat softer and more or less roughened. surface the fast moving surface will tend to drag the grain of the roughened surface and cut it away in minute chips or slivers of metal, the action being somewhat similar to that of a knife cutting a pencil. A grinding operation on the contrary, differs from the foregoing, in that the member be-- ing ground is usually about as hard if not harder than a grinding member when the hardness of the article as units as distin guished from the hardness of the particles composing it is considered.

In a grinding o eration the individual grains of the grin ing compound may be much harder than the individual portions of the article being ground, but as an article the grinding compound being of lesser strength than a group of such hard. particles, wears away more quickly than the article being ground. In grinding it becomes a uestion of mutual abrasion. with the suraces of the articles abrading one another being broken up in fine particles and pulverized, thus resulting in the polishing of one of them and the gradual disintegration of the other.

In detail, my object is to remove metal from the stock, roughdress it and finally polish it by the same dressing wheel. My process has for its object the removal of metal by a metal dressing wheel, rough dresslng the metal and then polishing 1t.

My method or process of producing a bit is Referring to Figure 1, this figure illustratcs a side elevation of the wheel with a bit nearly completed in engagement with the dressing surface of the wheel.

Fig. 2, is a side elevation of the bar of stock with the point turned up and the shank roughly formed. i

Fig. 3, is a side elevation of the bar of stock, Figure 2, after having received its initial treatment in the removal of stock.

Fig. 1-, is a side elevation of the finished bi t.

Referring to Figure l, 1 is a shaft. 2 is a nut'on the end of the shaft retaining the dressing wheel 3, which is made of steel. On the face of the dressing wheel 3 is pro jection 4 extending around its periphery and a similar projection The size, shape and special configuration of these projections are of no importance save that they must be of a character suitable to remove the metal from the stock. The amount of metal to be removed and the size of the out to be made will determine in each instance the character of the projection.

6 is the shank of the bit and 7 the twist; S is the head of the bit.

The method of operation is as follows: The wheel 3 is revolved and at the same time the bar of stock, which may either be stationary or may be revolved, is brought in contact with the wheel or its projections. A. cutting compound may or may not be used, as desired. The stock is gradually re moved by the rapidly revolving wheel. The bar of stock may be reciprocated back and forth as well as revolved, in order to insure the proper removal of the stock from the bar in such particulars as may be necessary to produce the bit, for instance: The depth of cut, the degree of finish and the speed of the operation may all be controlled by the speed of the moving parts, the nature of the cutting compound, and the relative hardness of the wheel and the bar of stock.

The cutting wheel of this character eliminates sizing the head, grinding the crimp, stemming, using a rubber wheel on the hol low, roughing the stem, smoothing the hollow and smoothing the stem. If it is desired also to treat the shank, then roughing the shank and its edges and the smoothing of the shank and its edges are steps which are also eliminated.

The hollow is that portion of the bit indicated by 9 and the stem is that portion indicated by 10.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The herein described method of producing auger bits comprising forming a bar of stock, revolving and reciprocating the bar of stockfagainst a rapidly revolving metal cutting wheel, the cutting wheel having configurations thereon adapted to act upon the stock. to form the twist and the stem therebetween on said bar of stock, holding the stock in such relation to the wheel as the stock is turned and reciprocated so that a part of the configuration of the cutting wheel will form curved surfaces on the sides of the twist while other configurations of the wheel are simultaneously removing the surplus part of the stock and continuing this-same operation until the twist and stem are reduced to a proper shape and size.

2; The herein described method of producing auger bits comprising forming a' bar of stock, revolving and reciprocating the bar of stock against a rapidly revolving metal cutting wheel having configurations thereon adapted to coact upon the stock to form the twist and the stem therchetween on said bar o1 stock, holding the stock in such relation to the wheel as the stock is turned and reciprocated so that the configuration of the wheel will form surfaces on the side of the twist concave in shape while other parts of the wheel are simultaneously removing the surplus part of the stock until the stem is reduced to a proper cylindrical size, and polishing the bit so made with the same metal revolving wheel.

3. The method of producing auger bits and the like comprising forming a bar of stock, revolving and reciprocating the bar of stock against a rapidly rovolving metal cutting wheel, the cutting wheel having configurations thereon adapted to act upon the stock to form the twist and the stem therebetween on said bar of stock, holding the stock parallel to the axis of the wheel as the stock is turned and reciprocated so that a part of the configuration of the cutting wheel will form the twist While other configurations of the wheel will remove the surplus part of the stock and continue this operation until the twist and stem are reduced to a proper shape and size.

In testimony whereof, I allix my signature.

DELL LACY. 

